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Based on "Antibiotic and Chemotherapy" Up-to-date comprehensive list of antibiotics by classes with generic and most common trade names. New Antibiotics Class Generic/BrandLipopeptides Daptomycin (Cubicin®), 2003 Fluoroquinolone Delafloxacin (Baxdela®), 2017 Lipoglycopeptides Telavancin (Vibativ®), 2009 Cephalosporin (5th generation) Ceftaroline (Teflaro®), 2010 Macrocyclics Fidaxomicin (Dificid®), 2011
Advertisement -Lactam Antibiotics Beta-lactam class of antibiotics includes penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactams, and carbapenems, all of which contain a β-lactam ring. PenicillinsAntibiotics of the penicillin class are bactericidal and work by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. Penicillins are among the safest antibiotics. Major health concerns: hypersensitivity reactions. Generic Brand NameAmoxicillin Amoxil, Polymox, Trimox, Wymox Ampicillin Omnipen, Polycillin, Polycillin-N, Principen, Totacillin Bacampicillin Spectrobid Carbenicillin Geocillin, Geopen Cloxacillin Cloxapen Dicloxacillin Dynapen, Dycill, Pathocil Flucloxacillin Flopen, Floxapen, Staphcillin Mezlocillin Mezlin Nafcillin Nafcil, Nallpen, Unipen Oxacillin Bactocill, Prostaphlin Penicillin G Bicillin L-A, Crysticillin 300 A.S., Pentids, Permapen, Pfizerpen, Pfizerpen-AS, Wycillin Penicillin V Beepen-VK, Betapen-VK, Ledercillin VK, V-Cillin K Piperacillin Pipracil Pivampicillin Pivmecillinam Ticarcillin Ticar Cephalosporins Cephalosporins are mainly bactericidal and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. Besides true cephalosporins (which are derived from cephalosporin C) this class includes oxacephems and carbacephems. Major health concerns: platelet function abnormalities (rare). Generic Brand NameFirst Generation Cefacetrile (cephacetrile) Celospor, Celtol, Cristacef Cefadroxil (cefadroxyl) Duricef, Ultracef Cefalexin (cephalexin) Keflex, Keftab Cefaloglycin (cephaloglycin) Kefglycin Cefalonium (cephalonium) Cefaloridine (cephaloradine) Cefalotin (cephalothin) Keflin Cefapirin (cephapirin) Cefadyl Cefatrizine Cefazaflur Cefazedone Cefazolin (cephazolin) Ancef, Kefzol Cefradine (cephradine) Velosef Cefroxadine Ceftezole Second Generation Cefaclor Ceclor, Ceclor CD, Distaclor, Keflor, Ranicor Cefamandole Mandol Cefmetazole Cefonicid Monocid Cefotetan Cefotan Cefoxitin Mefoxin Cefprozil (cefproxil) Cefzil Cefuroxime Ceftin, Kefurox, Zinacef, Zinnat Cefuzonam Third Generation Cefcapene Cefdaloxime Cefdinir Omnicef, Cefdiel Cefditoren Spectracef Cefetamet Cefixime Suprax Cefmenoxime Cefmax Cefodizime Cefotaxime Claforan Cefpimizole Cefpodoxime Vantin Cefteram Ceftibuten Cedax Ceftiofur Excede Ceftiolene Ceftizoxime Cefizox Ceftriaxone Rocephin Cefoperazone Cefobid Ceftazidime Ceptaz, Fortum, Fortaz, Tazicef, Tazidime Fourth Generation Cefclidine Cefepime Maxipime Cefluprenam Cefoselis Cefozopran Cefpirome Cefrom Cefquinome Fifth Generation Ceftobiprole Zeftera Ceftaroline Teflaro Not Classified Cefaclomezine Cefaloram Cefaparole Cefcanel Cefedrolor Cefempidone Cefetrizole Cefivitril Cefmatilen Cefmepidium Cefovecin Cefoxazole Cefrotil Cefsumide Cefuracetime Ceftioxide Combinations Ceftazidime/Avibactam Avycaz Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Zerbaxa Monobactams Generic Brand Name Aztreonam Azactam, Cayston Carbapenems Carbapenems have incredibly broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Today these agents are among the most powerful antibiotics. Generic Brand NameImipenem, Imipenem/cilastatin Primaxin Doripenem Doribax Ertapenem Invanz Meropenem Merrem Meropenem/vaborbactam Vabomere® Macrolide Antibiotics Macrolides are bacteriostatic drugs that inhibit protein synthesis by targeting the 50S subunit. Major health concerns: erythromycin estolate is hepatotoxic. Generic Brand NameAzithromycin Zithromax Erythromycin Clarithromycin Biaxin Dirithromycin Dynabac Roxithromycin Rulid, Surlid Ketolides Telithromycin Ketek Lincosamides Generic Brand Name Clindamycin Cleocin Lincomycin Lincocin Streptogramins Generic Brand Name Pristinamycin Pyostacine Quinupristin/dalfopristin Synercid Aminoglycoside Antibiotics Aminoglycosides are rapidly bactericidal antibiotics which inhibit protein synthesis. These agents mainly interfere with proofreading process. Aminoglycosides are the only bactericidal class among protein synthesis inhibitors. Major health concerns: ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity. Generic Brand NameAmikacin Amikin Gentamicin Garamycin, G-Mycin, Jenamicin Kanamycin Kantrex Neomycin Mycifradin, Myciguent Netilmicin Netromycin Paromomycin Streptomycin Tobramycin Nebcin Quinolone Antibiotics Fluoroquinolones directly inhibit the bacterial nucleic acid synthesis. Major health concerns: QTc prolongation and/or torsade de pointes, tendonitis, tendon rupture, joint arthropathies. Generic Brand NameFirst Generation Flumequine Flubactin Nalidixic acid NegGam, Wintomylon Oxolinic acid Uroxin Piromidic acid Panacid Pipemidic acid Dolcol Rosoxacin Eradacil Second Generation Ciprofloxacin Cipro, Cipro XR, Ciprobay, Ciproxin Enoxacin Enroxil, Penetrex Lomefloxacin Maxaquin Nadifloxacin Acuatim, Nadoxin, Nadixa Norfloxacin Lexinor, Noroxin, Quinabic, Janacin Ofloxacin Floxin, Oxaldin, Tarivid Pefloxacin Peflacine Rufloxacin Uroflox Third Generation Balofloxacin Baloxin Gatifloxacin Tequin, Zymar Grepafloxacin Raxar Levofloxacin Cravit, Levaquin Moxifloxacin Avelox, Vigamox Pazufloxacin Pasil, Pazucross Sparfloxacin Zagam Temafloxacin Omniflox Tosufloxacin Ozex, Tosacin Fourth Generation Besifloxacin Besivance Delafloxacin Baxdela® Clinafloxacin Gemifloxacin Factive Prulifloxacin Quisnon Sitafloxacin Gracevit Trovafloxacin Trovan Sulfonamides Sulfonamides act by inhibiting the pathway that bacteria use to synthesize folic acid. Sulfonamides with trimethoprim produce synergistic antibacterial activity. Major health concerns: hypersensitivity reactions, renal damage, crystal nephropathy. Generic Brand NameSulfamethizole Thiosulfil Forte Sulfamethoxazole Gantanol, Urobak Sulfisoxazole Gantrisin Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Bactrim, Bactrim DS, Cotrim, Cotrim DS, Septra, Septra DS, Sulfatrim, Sulfatrim-DS Tetracycline Antibiotics Tetracyclines are protein synthesis inhibitors primary targeting the 30S ribosome. They are essentially bacteriostatic. Major health concerns: photosensitivity, deposition in developing bones and teeth. Generic Brand NameDemeclocycline Declomycin Doxycycline Doryx, Vibramycin Minocycline Dynacin, Minocin, Monodox Oxytetracycline Terramycin Tetracycline Achromycin Glycylcyclines Tigecycline Tygacil Other Antibiotics Generic Brand Name Chloramphenicol Chloromycetin Metronidazole Flagyl, Helidac, Metizol, Metric 21, Neo-Metric, Noritate, Novonidazol Tinidazole Tindamax Nitrofurantoin Furadantin, Macrobid, Macrodantin Glycopeptides Vancomycin Vancocin Teicoplanin Targocid Lipoglycopeptides Telavancin Vibativ Oxazolidinones Linezolid Zyvox Cycloserine Seromycin Rifamycins Rifampin Rifadin Rifabutin Mycobutin Rifapentine Priftin Rifalazil Polypeptides Bacitracin Baciguent Polymyxin B Tuberactinomycins Viomycin Capreomycin
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